Although
over the years there have been such oddities
as bamboo and magnesium frames, current
road bikes are made of one or a blend of
these four materials: steel, aluminum,
titanium and carbon fiber. We’ll
explore these materials below, but realize
that fine bicycles are built of all these
materials. Another point to mention is
that two frames can be constructed of the
same material yet have entirely different
ride qualities due to differences in geometry,
assembly, tube shape, and material manipulation
(reinforcing a tube, for example). You’ll
notice these differences when you test
ride the bikes you're thinking of buying.
The
most traditional frame material, steel
has been used by framebuilders for over
a century. Many types of steel tubing are
available and the material is easy to bend
and shape. Steel offers excellent ride
quality, durability, is easily repaired
and is affordable. The downside is weight
and steel can rust if treated carelessly.Entry-level
steel-frame bikes are usually less
sophisticated than those typically
favored by discerning cyclists and
steel fanatics. High-quality steel
frames integrate great design, superior
assembly, and better alloys in the
tubing. Frames built of these materials
are famous for their combination of
responsiveness and comfort.
Aluminum
was first used in frame construction in
1895 but didn't come into wide use until
the 1980s when large-diameter tubing was
conceived and construction processes were
perfected. Todays aluminum frames absorb
shock much better than their predecessors
and are lightweight and, unlike steel,
aluminum won't rust but untreated it will
oxidize on the surface.
Titanium
has many great attributes. It’s
impervious to rust and corrosion, has great
strength to weight ratio and a very good
surface hardness for impact resistance.
It can be difficult to achieve a very stiff
and light frame, however, as titanium tends
to be a springy material.Titanium is hard
on metalworking tools, requires expensive
titanium welding rod and must be joined
carefully in a controlled environment.
It is also very expensive to mine from
the ground. Consequently, titanium frames
are very expensive to produce, which explains
their high purchase price. continue
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